
Mozambique
Xiguinha
A dense base of cassava, ground peanut and coconut milk cooked thick, into which greens, dried fish or beans are folded.
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Mozambique
A dense base of cassava, ground peanut and coconut milk cooked thick, into which greens, dried fish or beans are folded.

Malawi
Maize flour stirred into boiling water until stiff enough to hold a shape, torn off in pieces by hand and used to scoop stew.

Greek Macedonia, Greece
Ξινόμαυρο
Greece's premier red wine grape from Macedonia (Naoussa, Amynteo), producing acidic, tannic, age-worthy wines. A national star, served with meat, a complex red wine, a northern specialty.

Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
A giant southern Brazilian toasted sandwich filled with meat, cheese, vegetables and house sauces.

Guangdong, Hong Kong
XO酱
A luxury relish of dried scallop, dried shrimp, cured ham and chilli fried in oil, invented in Hong Kong hotel kitchens and named after the brandy grade.

Vietnam
Xôi xéo
Sticky rice topped with mung bean paste, crispy fried shallots, and drizzled with chicken fat, a popular Vietnamese breakfast.

Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico
A Yucatecan honey-anise liqueur, sweet and herbal.

Yunnan, China
宣威火腿
A dry-cured mountain ham aged one to three years, deep red and salty, used in slivers to season soups and steamed dishes rather than eaten in slices.

Cyprus
Ξυνιστέρι
Xynisteri is a named Cypriot white wine made from the island's pale Xynisteri grape, prized for fresh acidity.

Vietnam
Xoi gac, sticky rice stained deep red by gac fruit and served at weddings and Tet, is a named ceremonial dish whose colour carries the meaning.

Northwest Vietnam, Vietnam
Xoi ngu sac, five-colour sticky rice dyed with forest plants for Tay, Nung and Thai festivals, is a named ethnic dish and a striking collectible.

Republic of the Congo
Barbecued lamb, beef, or goat cooked twice over charcoal, often wrapped in parchment paper for the second cooking to keep it tender.

Australia
Small freshwater crayfish found in dams and waterways, smaller than marron but similar flavour, lively if live with intact and fresh appearance, a familiar Australian freshwater seafood.

Ukraine
Ябчанка
Chilled apple-and-curd dessert whipped with egg whites into a light mousse and set cold, a Jewish-Ukrainian sweet.

Syria
يبرق
Vine leaves rolled tightly around rice and minced lamb, packed with lamb chops and cooked under a weight with lemon and garlic.

Argentina
Caiman meat from the Argentine northeast, historically grilled or stewed in the Chaco and Iberá wetlands. A regional, gamey specialty, now farmed sustainably.

Peru
A crisp, juicy Andean root eaten fresh for its honeyed flavor and marketed as a traditional crop.

Sierra (Andean Highlands), Ecuador
Yahuarlocro
An Ecuadorian blood stew with potatoes, onions, and blood, a Sierra and traditional classic.

Niger
Ground roasted groundnut mixed with chilli, ginger, garlic, cloves and dried onion — the rub that makes suya what it is.

Tibet, China
酥油茶
Po cha: tea churned with yak butter and salt into a rich, warming drink of the Tibetan plateau.

United States
A New Orleans noodle soup of beef broth, spaghetti, green onion, and a half egg — 'Old Sober'.

Ghana
Grated cassava steamed into loose, slightly sour granules, eaten with a hot pepper sauce and fried fish.

Jammu and Kashmir, India
यख़नी
A Kashmiri yogurt-based meat curry, mild and aromatic, from the wazwan tradition.

Jammu and Kashmir, India
یخنی پلاؤ
A Kashmiri rice pilaf cooked in a spiced meat broth with whole spices.

Japan
焼き芋
Yaki-imo, sweet potato roasted over stones and sold from winter trucks announcing themselves by loudspeaker, is a named Japanese seasonal street food.

Japan
焼きうどん
Stir-fried udon noodles with meat, cabbage, and vegetables in a savory soy-based sauce.

Japan
焼肉
Korean-style tableside grilling of bite-sized beef, pork, and offal, dipped in tare sauce.

Japan
焼きそば
Stir-fried wheat noodles with pork, cabbage, and vegetables in a sweet-savory Worcestershire sauce.

Japan
焼きそばパン
Yakisoba pan, fried noodles stuffed into a hot-dog roll, is a named Japanese bakery and convenience-store item and exactly the localisation case guideline 1.6 rescues.

Japan
焼き鳥
Chicken pieces threaded on bamboo skewers and grilled over binchotan charcoal, glazed with tare or salt.

Japan
焼き魚
Whole fish or fillets grilled over charcoal or flame, often served with grated daikon.

South Korea
약식
Yaksik, glutinous rice steamed with jujube, chestnut, honey and sesame oil into a dark sweet block, is a named Korean ceremonial dish.

Syria
يالنجي
Vine leaves rolled around rice, tomato, parsley, onion and pomegranate molasses and cooked in olive oil, eaten cold.

Côte d'Ivoire
Foutou Igname
Pounded yam whipped into a smooth, elastic Ivorian staple served with palm-nut, peanut or okra sauce.

Pohnpei State (Capital FSM), Federated States of Micronesia
Yam kap is a named Pohnpei yam preparation served at prestige meals and large gatherings; cooked yam is pounded or arranged into a substantial savoury dish for sharing.

Isan (Northeastern Thailand), Thailand
ยำแหนมสด
Isan-style salad with fermented pork sausage, shallots, ginger, peanuts, and a sweet-sour-spicy dressing.